The Representation of The Ecological Crisis in Indonesian Novels: How Does The Social-Ecological System Occur?
(1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA
(2) Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA
(3) Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/eralingua.v8i1.60659
Abstract
Abstract. While Indonesian novels have been explored for their depiction of ecological crises, there has yet to be a detailed examination of how these narratives reflect the ensuing socio-ecological systems. This study investigates the portrayal of socio-ecological systems within Indonesian novels in the context of ecological crises. Employing qualitative methods and content analysis, this research utilizes the updated socio-ecological systems framework proposed by McGinnis and Ostrom (2014). The findings reveal various aspects of the crises represented, including forest destruction, forest fires, air pollution, animal extinction, and the degradation of natural reserves. Furthermore, the ecological crisis that has occurred actually gives rise to a socio-ecological system that represents the internal relationships among the resource system, government system, resource unit, and actors, and is influenced by external factors such as the social, economic, and political settings, and related ecosystems. Additionally, this representation of the socio-ecological system provides insights into the conditions of the ecological crisis in Indonesia, particularly in palm oil plantations and nature reserves.
Keywords: Ecological Crisis, Social-Ecological System, Indonesian Novels, EcocriticismFull Text:
PDFReferences
Agussalim, M. S., Ariana, & Saleh, R. (2023). Kerusakan Lingkungan Akibat Pertambangan Nikel di Kabupaten Kolaka Melalui Pendekatan Politik Lingkungan. Palita: Journal of Social Religion Research, 8(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.24256/pal.v8i1.3610
Al-Ma’rab, N. (2017). Luka Perempuan Asap: Air Mata di Antara Pohon Sawit. Tiga Serangkai.
Amico, A. L., Ituarte-Lima, C., & Elmqvist, T. (2020). Learning from social–ecological crisis for legal resilience building: multi-scale dynamics in the coffee rust epidemic. Sustainability Science, 15(2), 485–501. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00703-x
Amirullah. (2015). Krisis Ekologi: Problematika Sains Modern [Ecological Crisis: Problems of Modern Science]. Lentera, 17(1), 1–21.
Austin, K. G., Schwantes, A., Gu, Y., & Kasibhatla, P. S. (2019). What Causes Deforestation in Indonesia? Environmental Research Letters, 14(2), 24007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf6db
Busairi, M., Supratno, H., & Tjahyono, T. (2021). Representasi Krisis Ekologi dalam Novel “Luka Perempuan Asap” Karya Nafi’ah Al-Ma’rab: Kajian Ekokritik [Representation of Ecological Crisis in the Novel “Luka Perempuan Asap” by Nafi’ah Al-Ma’rab: An Ecocritical Study]. Mabasah: Masyarakat Bahasa Dan Sastra Nusantara, 15(2), 165–180.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. In Pearson (4th ed.). Pearson.
Davidsen, H. M. (2018). The Literary Representation of Reality. Res Cogitans, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.40-0173
Dewi, N. (2016). Ekokritik dalam Sastra Indonesia: Kajian Sastra yang Memihak [Eco-criticism in Indonesian Literature: One-sided Literary Studies]. Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 15(1), 20–37. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajbs.2016.15102
Edorita, W., & Zulwisman. (2021). Pola dan Kebijakan Penyelamatan Perlindungan Satwa Lindung Pasca Kebakaran Hutan di Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo [Pattern and Policy for Protecting Wildlife Protection After Forest Fires in Tesso Nilo National Park]. Riau Law Journal, 5(1), 43–60.
Elcaputera, A., & Frastien, D. (2020). Kajian Ecocide terhadap Pertambangan Batubara dalam Kawasan Hutan pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Air Bengkulu. Bina Hukum Lingkungan, 5(1), 2020. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.24970/bhl.v5i1.134 KAJIAN
Hidayah, N., Dharmawan, A. H., & Barus, B. (2016). Ekspansi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit dan Perubahan Sosial Ekologi Pedesaan. Solidality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 249–256. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/180767-ID-none.pdf
Kamim, A. B. M. (2020). Ocean Grabbing di Indonesia dan Malaysia: Catatan Krisis Sosio-Ekologis Dampak Proyek Reklamasi [Ocean Grabbing in Indonesia and Malaysia: A Record of the Socio-Ecological Crisis Impact of the Reclamation Project]. Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial, 11(1), 105–120. https://doi.org/10.22212/aspirasi.v11i1.1587
Kancana, J. (2019). Kekal: Untuk Semesta yang Semestinya Lestari. Buku Mojok.
Latif, S. A., & Munir, A. (2017). Smog and Environmental Crime (Reflected From Cases in Riau). Proceedings of the International Conference on Democracy, Accountability and Governance (ICODAG 2017), 269–272. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2991/icodag-17.2017.52
Manfredo, M. J., Teel, T. L., Gavin, M. C., & Fulton, D. (2014). Considerations in Representing Human Individuals in Social-Ecological Models Michael. In M. J. Manfredo, J. J. Vaske, E. A. Duke, & A. Rechkemmer (Eds.), Understanding Society and Natural Resources: Forging New Strands of Integration Across the Social Sciences (pp. 47–65). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8959-2_3
Margono, B. A., Turubanova, S., Zhuravleva, I., Potapov, P., Tyukavina, A., Baccini, A., Goetz, S., & Hansen, M. C. (2012). Mapping and Monitoring Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Sumatra (Indonesia) Using Landsat Time Series Data Sets From 1990 to 2010. Environmental Research Letters, 7(3), 34010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034010
Maulina, D., Irawati, M. H., Rochman, F., & Syamsuri, I. (2016). Kajian Kerusakan Lingkungan terhadap Penurunan Populasi Satwa Lindung Elepas Maximus Sumantresis di Provinsi Lampung [Study of Environmental Damage to Decreasing Populations of Maximus Sumantresis Protected Animals in Lampung Province]. Jurnal Bioterdidik: Wahana Ekspresi Ilmiah, 4(2). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/289777757.pdf
Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative Content Analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research Sozialforschung, 1(2).
McGinnis, M. D., & Ostrom, E. (2014). Social-Ecological System Framework: Initial Changes and Continuing Challenges. Ecology and Society, 19(2). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-06387-190230
Moore, J. W. (2017). The Capitalocene, Part I: On the Nature and Origins of Our Ecological Crisis. Journal of Peasant Studies, 44(3), 594–630. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2016.1235036
Mudhoffir, A. M. (2011). Krisis Ekologi dan Ancaman bagi Kapitalisme [Ecological Crisis and Threats to Capitalism]. MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi, 16(1), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.7454/mjs.v16i1.4874
Mulyana, E. (2019). Bencana Kabut Asap Akibat Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Kualitas Udara di Provinsi Riau Februari – Maret 2014. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Indonesia, 16(3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.29122/jsti.v16i3.3417
Muthmainnah, L., Mustansyir, R., & Tjahyadi, S. (2020). Kapitalisme, Krisis Ekologi, dan Keadilan Intergenerasi: Analisis Kritis atas Problem Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia. Mozaik Humaniora, 20(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.20473/mozaik.v20i1.15754
Nurfatriani, F., Darusman, D., Nurrochmat, D. R., Yustika, A. E., & Muttaqin, M. Z. (2015). Redesigning Indonesian Forest Fiscal Policy to Support Forest Conservation. Forest Policy and Economics, 61, 39–50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2015.07.006
O’Brien, T. G., Kinnaird, M. F., Nurcahyo, A., Prasetyaningrum, M., & Iqbal, M. (2003). Fire, Demography and the Persistence of Siamang (Symphalangus Syndactylus: Hylobatidae) in a Sumatran Rainforest. Animal Conservation, 6(2), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1367943003003159
Onebunne, J. I., & Okechukwu, S. (2021). African Ecological Crisis and Education. In I. Anthony (Ed.), African Eco-Philosophy: Cosmology, Consciousness And The Environment (pp. 233–249). The Association for the Promotion of African Studies.
Ostrom, E. (2009). A General Framework for Analyzing Sustainability of Social-Ecological Systems. Science, 325(5939), 419–422. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1172133
Pangemanan, C., Lobja, X. E., & Nugroho, C. (2022). Identifkasi Kerusakan Lahan Hutan Akibat Aktivitas Pertambangan Emas Desa Bowone Kecamatan Tabukan Selatan Tengah. Geographia: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Penelitian Geografi, 3(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.53682/gjppg.v3i1.1403
Partelow, S. (2018). A Review of the Social-Ecological Systems Framework: Applications, Methods, Modifications, and Challenges. Ecology and Society, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10594-230436
Pasaribu, H., Mulyadi, A., & Tarumun, S. (2012). Neraca Air di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di PPKS Sub Unit Kalianta Kabun Riau [Water Balance in Oil Palm Plantations at PPKS Kalianta Kabun Riau Sub Unit]. Ilmu Lingkungan, 6(2), 99–113.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Pub. L. No. 69 Ayat 1 (2009).
Rini, W. P. (2018). Paradoks Narasi Penyelamatan Keseimbangan Ekosistem Dalam Novel “Kailasa” Karya Jusuf an Kajian Ekokritik [The Narrative Paradox of Saving Ecosystem Balance in the Novel “Kailasa” by Jusuf an Ecocritical Study]. Poetika: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra, 6(2), 122. https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v6i2.40298
Sawijiningrum, W. (2018). Ekokritik Greg Garrard dalam Novel “Api Awan Asap” Karya Korrie Layun Rampan dan Relevansi Pembelajaran [Greg Garrard’s Ecocriticism in Korrie Layun’s Novel “Api Awan Asap” and the Relevance of Learning]. Matapena, 1(2), 80–92.
Stanley, B., & Phillips, W. D. (2017). South African Ecocriticism : Landscapes , Animals , and Environmental Justice. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935338.013.154
Sufina, K., & Bhuvaneswari, R. (2018). Ecocriticism in Indian Fiction. IUP Journal of English Studies, 13(1), 55–61.
Suwondo, Darmadi, & Yunus, M. (2018). Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Ekosistem: Analisis Politik Ekologi Pemanfaatan Lahan Gambut sebagai Hutan Tanaman Industri. Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management), 2(2), 140–154. https://doi.org/10.36813/jplb.2.2.140-154
Taufiq, M., Siswoyo, H., & WWS, A. (2013). Pengaruh Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Keseimbangan Air Hutan (Studi Kasus Sub Das Landak, Das Kapuas) [Effect of Oil Palm Plants on Forest Water Balance (Case Study of Landak Sub-Das, Kapuas Basin)]. Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering, 4(1 SE-Articles), pp.47-52. https://jurnalpengairan.ub.ac.id/index.php/jtp/article/view/180
Tuasikal, R. (2019). Di Tengah Penolakan, Pemerintah Tetap Turunkan Status Cagar Alam Papandayan dan Kamojang [Amid rejection, the government continues to lower the status of the Papandayan and Kamojang Nature] Reserves). VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/di-tengah-penolakan-pemerintah-tetap-turunkan-status-cagar-alam-papandayan-dan-kamojang/4816023.html
Umam, S. (2020). Strategi Survival Masyarakat Pesisir dan Pedalaman Sumenep di Tengah Krisis Ekologi dan Industrialisasi [Survival Strategy for the Sumenep Coastal and Inland Communities in the Middle of the Ecological Crisis and Industrialization]. Dimas: Jurnal Pemikiran Agama Untuk Pemberdayaan, 20(2), 207. https://doi.org/10.21580/dms.2020.202.5495
Vasan, S. (2018). Ecological Crisis and the Logic of Capital. Sociological Bulletin, 67(3), 275–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038022918796382
Wijaya, P. A., Saleh, M. B., & Tiryana, T. (2015). Spatial Model of Deforestation in Jambi Province for The Periode 1990–2011. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 21(3), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.21.3.128
Yang, F. (2015). Contemporary Construction of Ecological Civilization: From Ecological Crisis to Ecological Governance. Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies, 3(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1142/s234574811550030x
Zhang, Y. (2013). Capitalism and Ecological Crisis. Journal of Sustainable Society, 2(3), 69–73. https://doi.org/10.11634/216825851302440
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 95 times | PDF view : 0 timesRefbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Eralingua has been indexed by:
