Potensi Prebiotik Tepung Pisang yang Dimodifikasi Menggunakan Pemanasan Autoklaf Dilanjutkan dengan Retrogradasi

Reski Praja Putra(1*),

(1) Universitas Negeri Makassar
(*) Corresponding Author




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/jptp.v6i2.14746

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi prebiotik dari tepung pisang yang telah dimodifikasi menggunakan pemanasan autoklaf yang dilanjutkan proses retrogradasi. Tepung pisang modifikasi dibuat dari chips pisang yang telah diberi perlakuan pemanasan bertekanan menggunakan autoklaf (tekanan 0.15 Mpa atau 1.5 atm) pada suhu 121°C selama 15 menit, kemudian didinginkan (retrogradasi) pada suhu ruang (±30°C) selama 24 jam. Tepung pisang yang telah dimodifikasi (TPMo) diuji kemampuannya terhadap viabilitas bakteri asam laktat kandidat probiotik (Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. plantarum sa28k, dan L. fermentum 2B4), efek prebiotik, indeks prebiotik, dan nilai aktivitas prebiotiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan TPMo berpotensi menjadi kandidat prebiotik, TPMo meningkatkan viabilitas ketiga kandidat probiotik hingga mencapai 3.1-3.6 Log CFU/ml. Efek prebiotik TPMo tergolong tinggi dengan indeks prebiotik 0.91-0.94. Namun,  selektivitas TPMo masih rendah terhadap Enteropatogenik Escherichia coli (EPEC). Nilai aktivitas prebiotik TPMo yang dihasilkan bernilai negatif menunjukkan viabilitas kandidat probiotik pada media glukosa masih lebih tinggi dibandingkan TPMo, namun nilai aktivitas prebiotik TPMo masih lebih tinggi dibandingkan FOS (prebiotik komersial). Bakteri L. plantarum sa28k tumbuh lebih baik dibandingkan L. acidophilus maupun L. fermentum 2B4, baik pada TPMo maupun FOS

Keywords


Tepung pisang, viabilitas, bakteri asam laktat, indeks prebiotik, nilai aktivitas prebiotik

Full Text:

PDF

References


Daftar Pustaka

Bird AR, Brown IL, Topping DL. 2000. Starches, resistant starches, the gut microflora and human health. Curr. Issues Intest. Microbiol 1 : 25-37.

Bouhnik Y et al. 2004. The capacity of nondigestible carbohydrates to stimulate fecal Bifidobacteria in healthy humans : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, dose-response relation study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 80 : 1658-1664.

Crittenden R et al. 2005. Probiotic research in Australia, New Zealand and the Asia-Pasific region. Current Pharmaceutical Design 11 : 37-53.

Eerlingan RC, Delcour JA. 1995. Formation, analysis, structure and properties of type III enzyme resistant starch. Jounal of Cereal Science 22 : 129-138.

Huebner J, Wehling RL, Hutkins RW. 2007. Functional activity of commercial prebiotics. International Dairy Journal 17 : 770-775.

Jenie BSL, Nurwitri CC, Nurjanah S, Firlieyanti AS. 2006. Pengembangan produk pangan tinggi serat dan sumber prebiotik dari resistant starch umbi-umbian (laporan research grant program hibah kompetisi B). Bogor : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Jenie BSL, Putra RP, Kusnandar F. 2012. Fermentasi kultur campuran bakteri asam laktat dan pemanasan otoklaf dalam meningkatkan kadar pati resisten dan sifat fungsional tepung pisang tanduk (Musa paradisiaca formatypica). J.Pascapanen 9 (1) : 18-26

Lehmann U, Jacobasch G, Schmiedl D. 2002. Characterization of resistant starch type III from banana (Musa acuminata). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

Manning TS, Rastall R, Gibson G. 2004. Prebiotics and lactic acid bacteria. Di dalam : Salminen S, Wright AV, Ouwehand A, editor. Lactic Acid Bacteria Microbiological and Functional Aspects. New York. Marcel Dekker, INC. hlm 407-418.

Okoniewska M, Witwer RS. 2007. Natural resistant starch : an overview of health properties a useful replacement for flour, resistant starch may also boost insulin sensitivity and satiety. Nutritional Outlook.

Onyango C, Thomas B, Annette J, Thomas H, Harald R. 2006. Influence of incubation temperature and time on resistant starch type III formation from autoclaved and acid-hydrolysed cassava starch. Carbohydrate Polymers 66 : 494-499.

Palframan R, Gibson GR, Rastall RA. 2003. Development of aquantitative tool for the comparison of the prebiotic effect of dietary oligosaccharides. Letters in Applied Microbiology 37 : 281-284

Putra RP. 2010. Pati resisten dan sifat fungsional tepung pisang tanduk (Musa paradisiaca Formatypica) yang dimodifikasi melalui fermentasi bakteri asam laktat dan pemanasan otoklaf. Tesis : Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Roberfroid M. 2007. Prebiotics : The concept revisited. The Journal of Nutrition 137 : 830S-837S.

Sajilata MG, Singhal RS, Kulkarni PR. 2006. Resistant starch-a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Institute of Food Technologists.

Shamai K, Peled HV, Shimoni E. 2003. Polymorphism of resistant starch type III. Carbohydrate Polymers 54 : 363-369.

Shamai K, Shimoni E, Peled HV. 2004. Small angle X-ray scattering of resistant starch type III. Biomacromolecules 5 : 219-223.

Topping DL, Fukushima M, Bird AR. 2003. Resistant starch as a prebiotic and synbiotic : state of the art. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62 : 171-176.

Wang J, Jin Z, Yuan X. 2007. Preparation of resistant starch from starch-guar gum extrudates and their properties. Food Chemistry 101 : 20-25.

Wells AL, Saulnier DMA, Gibson GR. 2008. Gastrointestnal microflora and interactions with gut mucosa. Di dalam : Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB, editor. Handbook of Prebiotics. New York : CRC Press. hlm 13-38.

Zhang P, Whistler RL, BeMiller JN, Hamaker BR. 2005. Banana starch: production, physicochemical properties, and digestibility—a review. Carbohydrate Polymers 59 : 443–458.


Article Metrics

Abstract view : 1434 times | PDF view : 967 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Reski Praja Putra

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Publisher Address :

Department of Agricultural Technology Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Kampus UNM Parang Tambung, Jalan Daeng Tata Raya, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia 90224
Email: redaksijurnalptp@gmail.com
Website: http://ojs.unm.ac.id/ptp


INDEXED BY :

This journal is published under the terms of  Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.