Deskripsi Kecerdasan Visual Spasial Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Ditinjau Berdasarkan Tingkat Kemampuan Awal Geometri pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum kecerdasan visual spasial siswa kelas VII SMP dalam memecahkan masalah bangun ruang sisi datar berdasarkan tingkat kemampuan awal geometri. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori Hass yang menggolongkan karakteristik kecerdasan visual spasial atas pengimajinasian, pengkonsepan, pemecahan masalah, dan pencarian pola. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 3 siswa, yaitu 1 siswa dengan kemampuan awal geometri tinggi, 1 siswa dengan kemampuan awal geometri sedang dan 1 siswa dengan kemampuan awal geometri rendah. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan terdiri atas soal tes kemampuan awal geometri, soal tes kecerdasan visual spasial materi bangun ruang sisi datar, dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Karakteristik yang paling dominan muncul pada siswa adalah karakteristik pencarian pola serta pengimajinasian sedangkan karakteristik yang paling tidak dominan muncul adalah karakteristik pemecahan masalah. (2) Subjek berkemampuan awal geometri tinggi 3 karakteristik kecerdasan visual spasial yakni pengimajinasian, pengkonsepan dan pencarian pola. (3) Subjek berkemampuan awal geometri sedang mampu memenuhi 2 karakteristik kecerdasan visual spasia yakni pengimajinasian dan pencarian pola. (4) Subjek berkemampuan awal geometri rendah tidak mampu memenuhi semua karakteristik kecerdasan visual spasial.
Kata kunci: Kecerdasan, Kecerdasan Visual Spasial, Kemampuan Awal Geometri, Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar, Teori Hass


The aim of this research is to determine the general description of spatial visual intelligence of students from grade VII of SMP in solving solid figure flat side problems based on the initial ability level of geometry. This research used Hass Theory which classifies the characteristics of spatial visual intelligence based of imagining, conceptualizing, problem solving, and problem seeking. The type of this research is descriptive research with qualitative approach. The research subjects were 3 students. The first subject has high initial ability in geometry, the second subject has moderate initial ability, and the third subject has low initial ability. The research instrument used consists of the initial ability of geometry test questions, spatial visual intelligence of solid figure flat side test questions, and interview guidelines. The research result showed that: (1) The most dominant characteristic that appears in students was the characteristic of problem seeking and imagining, while the least dominant characteristic was problem solving. (2) Subjects who had high initial ability of geometry was able to fulfill 3 spatial visual intelligence characteristics, those were imagining, conceptualizing, and problem seeking. (3) Subjects who had moderate initial ability of geometry was able to fulfill 2 spatial visual intelligence characteristics, those were imagining and problem seeking. (4) Subjects who had low initial ability of geometry was not able to fulfill all the characteristics of spatial visual intelligence.
Keywords: Intelligence, Visual-Spatial Intelligence, Initial ability of Geometry, Solid Figure Flat Side, Hass Teory