Pengembangan Instrumen Asesmen Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Pada Bidang Studi Fisika

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan instrumen asesmen fisika berupa soal tes HOTS yang valid, reliabel, dan mendeskripsikan respon guru fisika terhadap instrumen asesemen HOTS. Model dan rancangan penelitian yang digunakan diadaptasi dari model Borg & Gall yang meliputi: (1) penelitian dan pengumpulan informasi, (2) perencanaan, (3) pengembangan produk awal, (4) uji coba terbatas, (5) revisi produk awal, (6) uji coba lapangan, dan (7) revisi produk akhir. Penelitian dilaksanakan di MA Sultan Hasanuddin pada bulan Februari 2020. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 33 soal tes HOTS yang digunakan dinyatakan valid dan layak digunakan. Dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,87 termasuk kategori sangat tinggi. Soal tes memiliki tingkat kesulitan sebesar 0,46 termasuk dalam kategori sedang, dan daya beda soal sebesar 0,43 dengan kategori baik. Instrumen asesmen HOTS yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid karena telah memenuhi kaidah soal HOTS dari segi materi, yang menggunakan stimulus yang menarik dan kontekstual, mengukur level kognitif penalaran peserta didik. Sedangkan dari segi konstruksi, soal yang digunakan singkat dan jelas serta grafik yang terdapat pada soal juga berfungsi. Dari segi bahasa, soal telah menggunakan kaidah bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar serta tidak mengandung unsur SARA. Instrumen asesmen HOTS yang dikembangkan dianggap sesuai dengan indikator yang dirumuskan dan dapat diukur dengan jelas, serta dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik. Instrumen asesmen HOTS yang digunakan juga dianggap telah memenuhi kaidah bahasa Indonesia yang baku dan tidak bermakna ganda. Selain itu, instrumen yang dikembangkan dianggap mudah dilaksanakan, diperiksa, dan dilengkapi petunjuk yang jelas

 Kata kunci: pengembangan, instrumen asesmen, higher order thinking skills, fisika.

This study aims to produce physics assessment instruments in the form of HOTS test questions that are valid, reliable, and describe the responses of physics teachers to HOTS assessment instruments. The research model and design used was adapted from the Borg & Gall model which included: (1) research and information collection, (2) planning, (3) initial product development, (4) limited trials, (5) initial product revisions, (6) field trials, and (7) final product revisions. The study was conducted at MA Sultan Hasanuddin in February 2020. The results obtained were 33 HOTS test questions used were declared valid and proper to use. With a reliability coefficient of 0.87 including the very high category. Test questions have a level of difficulty of 0.46 included in the medium category, and a matter of difference of 0.43 with a good category. The HOTS assessment instrument developed was declared valid because it fulfilled the HOTS question rules in terms of material, which uses interesting and contextual stimuli, measuring the cognitive level of student reasoning. Meanwhile, in terms of construction, the questions used are short and clear and the graphics contained in the problems also work. In terms of language, the questions have used good and correct Indonesian language rules and do not contain SARA elements. The HOTS assessment instrument developed was considered to be in accordance with the indicators that were formulated and could be measured clearly, and could be used to measure students' higher-order thinking skills. The HOTS assessment instrument used is also considered to have fulfilled the standard rules of Indonesian language and does not have a double meaning. In addition, the instruments developed are considered easy to implement, check, and have clear instructions

 Keywords: development, assessment instrument, higher order thinking skills, physics.