Filogeni Molekuler Katak Sawah (Fejervarya cancrivora) Berdasarkan Segmen Gen Sitokrom b dan Evaluasinya Sebagai Pengenal Spesies

Abstract

Abstract: Molecular phylogeny is a buildup of kinship relationships between animal or plant taxa made base on a particular gene sequence. Currently several genes have been used to reconstruct kinship relationships in animal/plant evolutionary studies. The cytochrome b gene is one of the genes used for that purpose. This study aims to reconstruct the phylogeny of frog rice field (F. cancrivora), from Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, based on the cytochrome b gene sequence, as well as to evaluate whether these gene sequence can be used as a species identifier. This research is an explorative research. Frog samples were obtained around the Wanggu River Kendari. The genome of frog was extracted by conventional extraction method. The cytochrome b gene, amplified using frog-specific primers by the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Subsequent amplification products are then characterized and used it to build a tree of frog kinship. To determine the taxonomy position of the frog from Kendari, another sequence of cytochrome b frog genes is available in GenBank. Salamandra salamandra  used as an out group. To evaluate ability of the cytochrome b gene as a species identifier, these gene alignment with another group of Vertebrata cytochrome b gene, which was available in GenBank. The results showed that the cytochrome b gene of the frog from Kendari Southeas Sulawesi, along 266 base pairs had a genetic distance with other frogs 0.01 up to 0.18.  Phylogeny based on the gene segment showed that the frog from Kendari lie in same clade with F.cf.cancrivora with boostrapped value 90%. The phylogeny is monophyletic. The cytochrome b gene indicates that the gene can be used as a species identifier.

Keywords: Fajervarya cancrivora, molekular phylogeny, cytochrome b gene as species identifier.