Assessing the Impact of United Nations Peacekeeping Missions on Conflict Resolution in Africa: A Case Study of the Central African Republic

Abstract

The African continent has experienced a higher frequency of peacekeeping missions within its borders compared to other continents, with the Central African Republic (CAR) being a notable host for such missions since 1998. Despite these efforts, the CAR continues to grapple with persistent rebellion and chronic political instability, marked by an ongoing armed conflict since 2013. This study delves into the inquiry of the United Nations Peacekeeping Missions' efficacy in conflict resolution within Africa, focusing on the specific case of the CAR. The significance of this investigation lies in the CAR's substantial natural resource endowment, often a source of conflict and geopolitical complexities. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, con a sample size of 23 verified respondents. Descriptive data analytics are employed to comprehensively explore and articulate the study's findings. The analysis reveals that the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) exerted a substantial influence and played a crucial role in conflict resolution within the CAR from 2016 to 2019. However, challenges stemming from a lack of harmonious collaboration between MINUSCA and the CAR government have impeded the effectiveness of peacekeeping forces and hindered progress in the peace process. Primary challenges include the denial of access to MINUSCA troops by the CAR government, hindering an accurate understanding of the underlying issues fueling the conflict. Additionally, a deficient working approach and a lack of trust between the two entities pose a significant obstacle. Based on these findings, the study recommends the imperative of reinforcing MINUSCA's role to address the CAR conflict more effectively. Furthermore, concerted efforts should be directed toward fostering a positive and collaborative working relationship between MINUSCA and the CAR government.