Gender-Based Speech Acts in EFL Online Learning Environment

Abstract

The research aims to answer the following research questions: (1) What are the types of speech act used by male and female lecturer in EFL online learning environment. (2) What are the functions of speech act between male and female lecturer in EFL online learning environment. The objectives of this research are to find out the types and the functions of speech act in online learning environment. This research used qualitative methodology and adopted discourse analysis. The researcher analyzed the data from conducting research. The techniques of collecting data were observation and documentations. First, the writer recorded the English teachers in the English teaching and learning process used a video recorder. Next, the researcher made transcripts of the dialogues. Third, the researcher classified the transcribed dialogues in the data sheet. Last, the data were classified according to Austin’s theory of speech act and functions of speech acts by Yule. The result of the research showed that there are three types of speech act performed by the English lecturers in online learning environment. They are locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary. The interrogatives of locutionary act are the most type of speech act mostly use by female lecturer (273 from 548 data) while male mostly use declarative (87 from 176 data). Next, there are five types of illocutionary; verdictives exercitives, commissives, behavities, and expositives. The exercitives is the most frequent acts in both male and female lecturers. In addition, the perlocutionary of to get the hearer to do something is the most frequent act in female lecturer (259 from 548 data) otherwise in male lecturer is to cause the hearer (71 from 176 data). The next is both male and female lecturer used the same functions of speech act. Mostly they used directive function and the lowest was commissive function. Both male and female lecturers mostly used request, asking, command, and suggestion during online learning.