Email this article POTENSI NANOPARTIKEL ALGINAT- KITOSAN - EKSTRAK DAUN KEDONDONG HUTAN (SPONDIAS PINNATA (L.f.) Kurz.) DALAM PENATALAKSANAAN TUBERKULOSIS DAN MULTI DRUG RESISTANCE TUBERCULOSIS (MDR-TB)
(1) Universitas Udayana Bali
(2) Universitas Udayana Bali
(3) Universitas Udayana Bali
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/ijfs.v3i2.4785
Abstract
Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit infeksi akibat M.tuberculosis yang mengakibatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Merebaknya strain M. tuberculoisis yang resisten terhadap obat anti tuberkulosis membuat penanganan TB menjadi semakin sulit dan beban ekonomi yang tinggi. Tujuan dari penulisan paper gagasan tulis ini untuk mendeskripsikan potensi nanopartikel alginat-kitosan-ekstrak daun kedondong hutan sebagai penatalaksanaan TB dan MDR-TB. Dari 87 jurnal yang ditelaah, 50 jurnal ditemukan sesuai dengan topik bahasan dan digunakan sebagai referensi karya ini. Kombinasi penyalutan alginat-kitosan merupakan kombinasi yang paling tepat karena dapat meningkatkan bioavailabilitas dan pelepasan berkelanjutan dari obat antibakteri. Nanopartikel alginat-kitosan-ekstrak daun kedondong hutan dapat menghambat sintesis asam mikolat M. tuberculosis, proteasom dan mengakibatkan lisis dinding sel M. tuberculosis. Ekstrak daun kedondong hutan mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan triterpenoid yang berfungsi sebagai antituberkulosis. Flavonoid dapat berikatan dengan situs aktif HadB sehingga menghambat aktivitas enzim β-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase yang berfungsi dalam elongasi rantai meromycolic. Selain itu, flavonoid dapat menghambat proteasom M. tuberculosis yang dalam keadaan dorman. Triterpenoid memiliki gugus sehingga mampu mengakibatkan lisis dinding sel M. tuberculsosis. Nanopartikel alginat-kitosan-ekstrak daun kedondong hutan memiliki potensi sebagai terapi baru untuk TB dan MDR-TB. Belum terdapat penelitian mengenai kombinasi modalitas ini sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui potensi pasti nanopartikel alginat-kitosan-ekstrak daun kedondong hutan.
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