The Effect of Acid Treatment on Metal Oxide Content of South Sulawesi Natural Clay

Sumiati Side(1*), Suriati Eka Putri(2),

(1) Universitas Negeri Makassar
(2) Universitas Negeri Makassar
(*) Corresponding Author




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/ijfs.v8i2.40737

Abstract


Abstract. This study investigated the effect of adding acid on the metal oxide content of natural clay in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The acid solutions used were sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and nitric acid (HNO3) with a concentration of 3 M. The characterization of metal oxide content was carried out using XRF and morphological analysis of natural clay using SEM. The results showed that the impurity metal oxide content decreased after being treated with acid. The largest mass percent of silica alumina occurred in the HCl 3 M treatment with alumina mass percent of 20.27% and silica of 25.41%. The clay morphology looks different after being treated with acid for all types of acid solutions. The results of this study are expected to become recommendations for further research related to natural clay pretreatment both as a ceramic base material and as a catalyst support.

Keywords


acid leaching, metal oxide, XRF

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bai, Guanghui, Yunhai Qiao, Bo Shen, and Shuangli Chen. 2011. “Thermal Decomposition of Coal Fly Ash by Concentrated Sulfuric Acid and Alumina Extraction Process Based on It.” Fuel Processing Technology 92 (6): 1213–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.01.017.

Chen, Zhuo, Zhenyue Zhang, Defeng Liu, Xiaowang Chi, Wendou Chen, and Ru’an Chi. 2020. “Swelling of Clay Minerals during the Leaching Process of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ores by Magnesium Salts.” Powder Technology 367 (3): 889–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2020.04.008.

Eka, Suriati, Abdul Rahman, Diana Eka, and Ahmad Fudhail. 2021. “Analisis Kandungan Oksida Logam Clay Alam Sulawesi Selatan Sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Keramik Berpori Gelcasting” 6 (2): 171–76. https://doi.org/10.37033/fjc.v6i2.339.

LI, Xiao bin, Hong yang WANG, Qiu sheng ZHOU, Tian gui QI, Gui hua LIU, Zhi hong PENG, and Yi lin WANG. 2019. “Efficient Separation of Alumina and Silica in Reduction-Roasted Kaolin by Alkali Leaching.” Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (English Edition) 29 (2): 416–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(19)64951-4.

Manjate, Vicente Albino, Zaquir Issufo, and Anastância Lucas Magenge. 2020. “Evaluation of Clay Soils from Manjacazi District (Mozambique) as Potential Raw Material for the Ceramic Industry.” Heliyon 6 (10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05189.

Numluk, Paweena, and Aphiruk Chaisena. 2012. “Sulfuric Acid and Ammonium Sulfate Leaching of Alumina from Lampang Clay.” E-Journal of Chemistry 9 (3): 1364–72. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/758296.

Pepper, Rachel A., Gana Perenlei, Wayde N. Martens, and Sara J. Couperthwaite. 2021. “High Purity Alumina Synthesised from Iron Rich Clay through a Novel and Selective Hybrid Ammonium Alum Process.” Hydrometallurgy 204 (July): 105728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105728.

Putri, Suriati Eka, and Diana Eka Pratiwi. 2016. “The Effect of Mole Ratio of Acrylamide (AM) Monomer and Methylene-Bis-Acrylamide (MBAM) Crosslinker Toward the Hardmess of Gelcasting Porous Ceramics.” Proceeding International Conference on Mathematic, Science, Technology, Education and Their Applications 1 (1): 412–15.

———. 2017. “Analisis Kandungan Mineral Dalam Tanah Liat Alam Sulawesi Selatan Sebagai Bahan Dasar Sintesis Keramik Analysis of Mineral in South Sulawesi Natural Clay as Basic Material of Ceramic Synthesis,” 35–38.

Putri, Suriati Eka, Diana Eka Pratiwi, Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto, Irhamsyah Andi, Abd Rahman, Indra Wulan, Sari Ramadani, Anita Nur Ramadhani, and Ahmad Fudholi. 2022. “The Renewable of Low Toxicity Gelcasting Porous Ceramic as Fe 2 O 3 Catalyst Support on Phenol Photodegradation” 17 (4): 503–11.

Putri, Suriati Eka, Diana Eka Pratiwi, Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto, Diah Mardiana, and Subaer. 2018. “On the Effect of Acrylamide and Methylenebicacrylamid Ratio on Gelcasted Ceramic Pore Character.” Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy 53 (5): 841–44.

Side, Sumiati, and Suriati E Putri. 2022. “Characterization of Natural Clay from Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.” Jurnal Akademika Kimia 11 (2 SE-): 72–76. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2022.v11.i2.pp72-76.

Suriati Eka Putri, DIana Eka Pratiwi, Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto, Abd Rahman. 2022. “The Effect of Binder Concentration on the Ability of Gelcasting Porous Ceramics as TiO2 Support Catalyst.” Indonesian Journal of Fundamental Sciences 8 (1): 51–60.

Tripathy, A. K., B. Behera, V. Aishvarya, A. R. Sheik, B. Dash, C. K. Sarangi, B. C. Tripathy, K. Sanjay, and I. N. Bhattacharya. 2019. “Sodium Fluoride Assisted Acid Leaching of Coal Fly Ash for the Extraction of Alumina.” Minerals Engineering 131 (April 2018): 140–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2018.10.019.

Wu, Cheng You, Hong Fa Yu, and Hui Fang Zhang. 2012. “Extraction of Aluminum by Pressure Acid-Leaching Method from Coal Fly Ash.” Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (English Edition) 22 (9): 2282–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61461-1.

Xu, Guozhen, Qinglai Feng, Jean François Deconinck, Jun Shen, Tianyu Zhao, and Allison L. Young. 2017. “High-Resolution Clay Mineral and Major Elemental Characterization of a Permian-Triassic Terrestrial Succession in Southwestern China: Diagenetic and Paleoclimatic/Paleoenvironmental Significance.” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 481 (May 2017): 77–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.05.027.

Yadav, Amit Kumar, and Sunipa Bhattacharyya. 2020. “A New Approach for the Fabrication of Porous Alumina Beads Using Acid Leachate of Kaolin.” Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 293: 109795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2019.109795.

Zhou, Yi, Hongfei Cheng, Changxin Wei, and Yihe Zhang. 2021. “Effect of Acid Activation on Structural Evolution and Surface Charge of Different Derived Kaolinites.” Applied Clay Science 203 (January): 105997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2021.105997.


Article Metrics

Abstract view : 56 times | PDF view : 21 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.



Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.