Mechanism for Implementing Village Head Elections in Saohiring Village, Sinjai Regency

This study aims to determine the mechanism for implementing village head elections in Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency and the evaluation results of village head elections. This research is a qualitative descriptive research that is intended to provide a clear picture and description as a whole with guaranteed truth of the existing problems. Data collection is done through observation, interviews and documentation. The research was conducted with research informants: 1) Secretary of Saohiring Village, 2) Chair of the village head selection committee in Saohiring Village, 3) Chair of BPD, 4) Community leaders of Saohiring Village. The results showed that the Mechanism for the Implementation of the Election of the Head of Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency, was running quite well according to the Regional Regulation of Sinjai Regency Number 31 Year. This research can be used as a reference mechanism for implementing village head elections, because previous research has only focused on the roles and responsibilities of village heads.


INTRODUCTION
The problem that often occurs related to general elections is that they have not been carried out properly until now "According to Mulyadi, Bawaslu Staff."This is caused by the potential and problems in general elections including; money politics, black campaigns, intimidation, use of state facilities, involvement of children during open campaigns, mobilization of civil servants, use of religious facilities for campaigns, and campaigns outside the schedule.Actions like this can have an impact on the vote count which can affect the results of the Pilkades election, either increasing the vote results, reducing or both for certain candidates (Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum 2009, 2009).
Information is of course very important, it is hoped that it can minimize the level of fraud in the context of carrying out general elections (Bjorvatn et al., 2021;James & Alihodzic, 2020;Landman & Splendore, 2020).Public awareness or lack of understanding about regulations or rules regarding general election laws that can make them labeled as perpetrators or violators of the laws and regulations that have been determined (Niswaty, 2012;Zuhro, 2018).
The occurrence of fraud in elections is not only due to the opening of opportunities to do things that are not appropriate, but because of a lack of understanding of the laws that govern it and of course this must also be accompanied by awareness.
Based on the results of the evaluation carried out after the implementation of the simultaneous village election which was held on March 17 2022 in Central Sinjai District, with the recapitulation of the voting results for the Saohiring village head election, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency as follows: The table above shows that Darmawansata was elected as the village head.There is still a lot of room for improvement in the implementation of village head elections, although it is generally acknowledged that the implementation of simultaneous village head elections in Sinjai Tengah District for the first time has been quite good (Ajeng, 2021;Arifiani et al., 2017;Makadada, 2017).However, it is feared that there will be efforts to hinder the prospective village head candidates who will advance in the Pilkades, in the future (Halim et al., 2018;Tamtomo, 2019;Triono, 2017).For this simultaneous implementation it is said to have more positive impacts.
The focus of this research is to be able to find out how the mechanism for selecting village heads in Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency is measured in terms of quality, quantity and timing of elections.Some of the impacts of the simultaneous election of village heads that occurred in Sinjai Tengah District, Sinjai Regency, especially in the village of Saohiring.Mainly to the village head candidates together with the people of Saohiring village who are expected to reflect and create healthy and good democratic values, instead they contaminate the values of the conceptual democracy itself, one of which is by carrying out money politics, campaigns outside the schedule.Actions like this must of course be stopped because there are fears that it will have a negative impact on village head elections, especially in the village of Saohiring, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency.
The mechanism for implementing the election for the Saohiring Village Head, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency, which has been completed, has been going quite well according to the Sinjai Regency Regional Regulation Number 31 of 2017 starting from the registration of prospective candidates to the committee up to the inauguration of the village head (village head election committee, 2022).So it is on this basis that the researcher is interested in conducting research by taking the title "Mechanism of Implementing Village Head Elections in Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency".

METHODS
The type of research used is the "Descriptive Qualitative analysis" type because the author wants to describe and analyze the mechanism for implementing village head elections in Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency.And qualitative research methods as research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior (Sugiyono, 2017).The approach used in this study is a political methodological approach, namely collecting information by observing and interviewing informants based on observed phenomena or human behavior including what is said and done (Sugiyono, 2016).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The village head election mechanism in Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District is as follows:

Registration of candidates to the selection committee
In accordance (Peraturan Daerah Nomor 31 Tahun 2017 tentang pengangkatan kepala desa, 2017), the first stage in the village head election mechanism starts with registration by the prospective village head registering with the village head election committee.The mechanism in the registration stage for prospective village head candidates must meet the following requirements: 1).Application letter in handwritten/capital letters (6000 stamp duty); 2).Declaration of piety to God Almighty (6000 stamped); 3).Declaration of loyalty and obedience to Pancasila as the foundation of the state, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government (6000 stamp duty); 4).Declaration of ability to do good, honest and fair (6000 stamp duty); 5).Affidavit not currently serving a prison sentence with corporal punishment or probation (stamp 6000); 6).Statement letter not having the status of a suspect or defendant due to a deliberate crime which is punishable by imprisonment (stamp 6000); 7).A statement that their right to vote is not being revoked in accordance with a court decision that has permanent legal force (from the Sinjai District Court); 8).A certificate from the Sinjai District Court has never been sentenced to imprisonment or confinement based on a court decision that has permanent legal force due to a criminal offense punishable by at least 5 (five) years or more or a statement of having served a prison sentence punishable by the shortest sentence 5 (five) years or more after serving 5 (five) years of imprisonment and announcing honestly and openly to the public that the person concerned has been convicted and is not a repeat offender; 9).Declaration of willingness to reside in the local Saohiring Village area while serving as head of Saohiring Village (6000 stamp duty); 10).Photocopies of educational certificates from the elementary level up to the last diploma legalized by the authorized official; 11).Copy/copy of birth certificate or certificate of identification of birth legalized by an authorized official; 12).Photocopy of Identity Card known by the Village Head and Camat and legalized by the authorized official; 13).Certificate of good behavior from the local police; 14).A certificate of good health issued by a doctor at a regional general hospital or health center; 15).6 color passport photos size 4x6 cm with red background; 16).Drug-free certificate from the authorized agency Observations found that it was true that before the village head election was held, registration of prospective village head candidates was carried out first on the village election committee in Saohiring Village and 2 village head candidates, namely: Darmawansata and Imran, S.Pd.I by fulfilling all the predetermined requirements then they could register himself to the Saohiring village head election committee.From the presentation and observation it was found that the mechanism for selecting the village head was appropriate where the prospective village head registered with the village head election committee in Saohiring Village.

Candidate screening
In accordance (Peraturan Daerah Nomor 31 Tahun 2017 tentang pengangkatan kepala desa, 2017), the second stage in the village head election mechanism, the village head election committee receives the village head candidate files and a screening selection is carried out through a written exam.The mechanism in the screening stage for prospective village head candidates is as follows: 1).Selection is carried out through registration of prospective village head candidates; 2).The candidate for village head meets the predetermined requirements; 3).The village head election committee examines the files; 4). the village head election committee held a screening selection through a written exam.
Observations found that it was true that the mechanism for selecting prospective candidates was carried out by the village head election committee receiving the village head candidate files and screening through a written exam.From the presentation and observation, it was found that the mechanism for selecting the village head was appropriate because after registration was carried out by the prospective village head candidates, a screening of prospective candidates was carried out by the village head selection committee, received the village head candidate files and a screening selection was carried out through a written exam.

Submission of vision and mission of prospective candidates
The village head candidate conveys his vision and mission.The mechanism in the stage of conveying the vision and mission of the prospective village head candidates is as follows: 1).Prospective candidates prepare their vision and mission as prospective village head candidates; 2).The village head selection committee conveyed to the community that there would be a presentation of the vision and mission of the prospective village head candidates; 3).The village head selection committee determines the schedule and time for submitting the vision and mission of the prospective village head candidates; 4).The delivery of the vision and mission is carried out online considering the covid pandemic so it is limited to large gatherings (Abdillah, 2021;Tome et al., 2021).
Observations found that it was true that the delivery of the vision and mission was carried out by prospective candidates by explaining it online because of the Covid 19 pandemic which limited crowds so that the delivery of the vision and mission was carried out online.From the presentation and observation it was found that the village head election mechanism conveyed the vision and mission of the prospective village head candidates which was carried out online and was not required in pronunciation, the vision and mission in pilkades activities because there was still an impact from the Covid-19 virus in this case the prospective village heads were not required to do the crowd or restricted.The delivery was not conveyed directly and it was only conveyed through the media.

Image sign drawing
The committee announces the nominees for the village head and draws pictures or seat numbers ahead of the voting.The mechanism for the drawing of symbols for village head candidates is as follows: 1). the village head election committee announced that there would be a lottery drawing of the nominees for the village head in the hall of the Saohiring Village office; 2).The prospective village head will come to the hall of the Saohiring Village office to draw a picture mark; 3).It was observed that it was true that the draw for the serial number or symbol of the candidate for village head was carried out at the Saohiring Village office and witnessed by witnesses and the community present; 4).From the presentation and observation, it was found that the mechanism for selecting the village head in the draw of a picture mark went well because it was carried out at the Saohiring Village Office.

Campaign implementation
The village head candidates will campaign for 3 days prior to the voting.The mechanism in the implementation stage of the campaign for village head candidates is as follows: 1).The village head selection committee announced that the campaign would be held for 3 days; 2).The village head election committee announced that the campaign would be held before the calm period.
It was observed that it was true that the campaign had been carried out for 3 days and was carried out before the calm period and before the election for the head of Saohiring Village.From the presentation and observation, it was found that the village head election mechanism in carrying out the campaign was carried out well because the campaign was carried out by prospective village head candidates for 3 days and was not intended for residents outside Saohiring Village, the campaign was carried out before the calm period.

Execution of voting
The committee conducts voting at the place and time determined by the election committee decision.Simultaneous village head elections are voting in village head elections in several villages which are held at the same time (Peraturan Daerah Nomor 31 Tahun 2017 tentang pengangkatan kepala desa, 2017) about the first change above (peraturan daerah Kabupaten Sinjai Nomor 3 Tahun 2016 tentang tata cara pemilihan, pengangkatan, pelantikan dan pemberhentian kepala desa, 2016).
The procedure for electing a village head between one village head and another village head within a district is the same.The existence of village apparatus, the existence of village apparatus consisting of the village head and all apparatus as well as the existence of a village representative body, hereinafter referred to as the Village Consultative Body, must be able to become the driving force for the running of government in the village if the village head is elected based on direct election of the village head based on various rules.existing institutions, as well as representative bodies consisting of village leaders whose function is to protect customs, make village regulations, accommodate and channel community aspirations and supervise the implementation of village government, basically is a source of strength that is jointly supported .
The organizer groups in each TPS can be seen in the following table: The table above shows that each polling station in each hamlet has 1 chairman and 4 members who are in charge of voting in the Saohiring Village head election.The mechanism in the voting implementation stage is as follows: 1).Voting in the election of village heads in several villages is carried out at the same time (Peraturan Daerah Nomor 31 Tahun 2017 tentang pengangkatan kepala desa, 2017) about the first change above (peraturan daerah Kabupaten Sinjai Nomor 3 Tahun 2016 tentang tata cara pemilihan, pengangkatan, pelantikan dan pemberhentian kepala desa, 2016); 2).Voting will be held on March 17, 2022; 3).Voting is carried out in each hamlet which already has 1 TPS.
It was observed that it was true that the voting was carried out in 5 hamlets with 1 polling station each in Pepare, Lita-litae, Tengka, Bole and Korong and went smoothly.From the presentation, observation and documentation, it was found that the mechanism for electing the village head in the implementation of the voting went well because it was carried out simultaneously, namely on March 17 2022 and carried out in each hamlet where there was 1 TPS.

Vote counting
The results of vote counting are witnessed by candidates and witnesses and the election committee must report the results of voting to the BPD no later than 7 days after voting.The mechanism in the vote counting stage is as follows: 1).Vote counting is carried out at the time after voting is carried out; 2).Vote counting was carried out in the presence of witnesses for each prospective candidate and witnessed by the people of Saohiring Village.
Simultaneous Pilkades implementation which was held on March 17 2022 in Central Sinjai District, with the recapitulation of the voting results for the Saohiring village head election, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency as follows: The table above shows that Darmawansata was elected as the village head.And the implementation of village head elections still needs a lot of improvement, although it is generally acknowledged that the implementation of simultaneous village head elections in Central Sinjai District for the first time has been quite good.However, it is feared that there will be efforts to hinder the prospective village head candidates who will advance in the Pilkades, in the future.For this simultaneous implementation it is said to have more positive impacts.The voters in the Saohiring Village head election can be seen in the following table: The table above shows that there are 2,111 permanent voter lists (DPT) in Saohiring Village, 1,695 voters who exercise their right to vote, 417 voters who do not exercise their rights, 1,673 voters who use their rights with valid voting cards.people and ballots declared invalid as many as 22 people.
Based on the observation results, it was found that the vote counting was carried out right after the voting was carried out and went smoothly and safely.From the presentation, observation and documentation it was found that the village head election mechanism in the implementation of the voting went well because it was smooth and safely controlled and the vote counting was carried out after voting was carried out and witnessed by candidates and witnesses and the election committee was required to report voting results to the BPD no later than 7 the day after the vote.

Determination of elected candidates
The candidate who obtains the most number of votes is determined to be the elected village head candidate.The mechanism in determining the selected candidate is as follows: 1).After the votes have been counted at each TPS, a recapitulation is carried out; 2).The recapitulation was carried out by gathering all the committee members at each polling station and calculating the total gain from each prospective candidate; 3).The candidate with the most votes will be the elected candidate.
The results of the observation found that it was true that the candidate who received the most number of votes was determined to be the elected village head candidate and the determination of the elected village head candidate was carried out after 1 day of voting and the most was Mr. Darmawansata with 1,068 votes so that he was elected as a village head candidate.From the presentation and observation it was found that the village head selection mechanism in determining the elected candidate went well because the candidate who received the most number of votes was determined to be the elected village head candidate and the determination of the elected village head candidate was carried out after 1 voting day and the most was Mr. Darmawansata with with 1,068 votes so that he was elected as a candidate for village head.

Approval of village head candidates
The ratification of the elected village head candidate was ratified by the Regent after examining the proposal files and the elected village head nomination files were complete and valid in accordance with the provisions.The mechanism for validating village head candidates is as follows: 1).The village head election committee submits the results of the recapitulation to the sub-district village head election committee; 2).The election committee for the village head in the sub-district will forward it to the KPU and then validate the elected village head candidate based on the results of the recapitulation that has been carried out in Saohiring Village; 3).The ratification was ratified by the Regent after examining the proposal files and candidacy files for the elected village heads which were complete and valid according to the provisions and ratification was also carried out at the Saohiring Village office which was attended by BPD, community leaders and the community.
Based on the observation results, it was found that the validation of the elected village head candidates was confirmed by the Regent after examining the proposal files and the elected village head nomination files were complete and valid according to the provisions and the validation was also carried out at the Saohiring Village office which was attended by BPD, community leaders and the community.From the presentation and observation, it was found that the village head selection mechanism in validating village head candidates was ratified by the Regent after examining the proposal files and nomination files for the elected village head that were complete and valid in accordance with the provisions and validation was also carried out at the Saohiring Village office which was attended by BPD, community leaders and Public.

Village head appointment
The Regent inaugurate the elected village head candidate no later than 30 days after the Regent's decision regarding the validation of the elected village head candidate is stipulated.The mechanism in the inauguration of the village head is as follows: 1).The inauguration of the village head is directly from the center, the village head election committee only reaches the determination process; 2).The inauguration of the village head is carried out no later than 30 days after the issuance of the district head's decision regarding the determination of the selected village head candidate; 3).The inauguration was carried out by the Sinjai Regent in accordance with the Regent's decree regarding the validation of the elected village head candidates (Arusharg, 2010).
The results of the observation found that it was true that the regent appointed the elected village head candidate no later than 30 days after the Regent's decision regarding the validation of the elected village head candidate was stipulated.From the presentation and observation it was found that the village head election mechanism in the inauguration of the village head carried out by the regent inaugurated the elected village head candidate no later than 30 days after the Regent's decision on ratification of the elected village head candidate was enacted.

Results of the Evaluation of the Election of the Head of Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency
The Saohiring village head election committee is seen in the following table: Wahyuniar, Amd Member 5.
Muh. Basri Member Data source: processed from village head election committee, 2022 The same thing was said by Mr. Herman as Chair of the BPD in an interview on 27 July 2022 saying: "As for the results of the evaluation of the Saohiring village head election, it has gone smoothly, safely and under control in accordance with applicable regulations." Furthermore, according to Ms. Hastuti, S.Sos as the Village Secretary in the Observation it was found that the results of the evaluation of the Saohiring village head election had gone smoothly, safely and under control in accordance with the applicable regulations and the village head election committee in Saohiring Village collected all the attached files in the implementation of village head elections starting from the nomination stage until the determination has been completed.
From the presentation and observation it was found that the results of the evaluation of the Saohiring village head election had gone smoothly, safely and under control in accordance with applicable regulations and the village head election committee in Saohiring Village collected all the files attached to the implementation of the village head election (pilkades) starting from the nomination stage until the determination has been completed.
From all the discussion above, it was concluded that the mechanism for implementing the election for the Head of Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency, which had been completed, was concluded to have been going quite well according to the Sinjai Regency Regional Regulation Number 31 of 2017 starting from registration of prospective candidates to the committee, selection of prospective candidates, delivery of vision and mission prospective candidates, draw pictures, carry out campaigns, carry out voting followed by vote counting then determine the elected candidate and then ratify the elected village head candidate up to the inauguration of the village head.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from this research conducted in the field regarding the Mechanism of Implementing the Election of the Head of Saohiring Village, Central Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency have been going quite well according to the Sinjai Regency Regional Regulation Number 31 of 2017 starting from the registration of prospective candidates to the inauguration of the village head and it can be concluded as follows: The mechanism for implementing village head elections includes: a).The mechanism for selecting village heads is appropriate where prospective village heads register themselves with the village head election committee in Saohiring Village; b).The mechanism for selecting the village head is appropriate because after registration is carried out by the prospective village head candidates, a selection of prospective candidates is carried out by the village head selection committee.c).The village head election mechanism is carried out by conveying the vision and mission of the prospective village head candidates which is carried out online and is not required in pronunciation, the vision and mission in pilkades activities because there is still an impact from the Covid-19 virus, in this case the prospective village head candidates are not required to gather or be restricted .The delivery is not conveyed directly and it is only conveyed through the media; d).The mechanism for electing the village head in the draw of a picture mark went well because it was carried out at the Saohiring Village Office; e).The mechanism for selecting village heads in carrying out the campaign was carried out well because the campaign was carried out by prospective village head candidates for 3 days and was not intended for residents outside Saohiring Village; the campaign was carried out before the calm period; f).The mechanism for electing village heads in voting went well because it was held simultaneously on March 17 2022 and held in each hamlet with 1 TPS; g).The mechanism for electing village heads in the implementation of voting runs well because it is smooth and safely under control and the vote counting is carried out after voting is carried out and witnessed by candidates and witnesses and the election committee is required to report voting results to the BPD no later than 7 days after voting; h).The village head election mechanism in determining the elected candidate went well because the candidate who received the most number of votes was determined to be the elected village head candidate and the determination of the elected village head candidate was carried out after 1 day of voting and the most was Mr. Darmawansata with 1,068 votes so he was elected as candidate for village head; i).The mechanism for selecting village heads in validating village head candidates was ratified by the Regent after examining the proposal files and nomination files for elected village heads that were complete and valid according to the provisions and validation was also carried out at the Saohiring Village office which was attended by BPD, community leaders and the community; j).The village head election mechanism in the inauguration of the village head carried out by the district head appoints the elected village head candidate no later than 30 days after the district head's decision on the validation of the elected village head candidate is enacted.The results of the evaluation of the Saohiring village head election have gone smoothly, safely and under control in accordance with applicable regulations and the village head election committee in Saohiring Village has collected all the files attached to the implementation of the village head election starting from the nomination stage until the determination is complete .