Communication Strategies of the Participants of English Meeting Clubs
(1) Universitas Negeri Makassar
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/eralingua.v8i2.43048
Abstract
This paper explores the use of English language in one communicative situation, known as English meeting club. Generally, English club meetings are designed to practice students’ conversations in English, and therefore, speakers or participants are expected to use English in their communication. In this paper, conversations in English club meetings are explored to see the styles of communication used. The main objectives were to find out the styles of languages or expressions used in English meeting clubs. The paper was based on the descriptive qualitative studies conducted in one English club meeting in Makassar, South Sulawesi. Data collected by recording the process of discussion in three meetings and analyzed the transcribed recordings by using the technique of Discourse Analysis. Findings show some styles in using the language to communicate such as the use of unstructured language, the use of first language and code-switching, and the use of polite markers. It can be seen that formality and informality are found in the communication applied in English meeting clubs. Results of these findings are significant in the study of sociolinguistics, a study of language use in a particular society, as well as in the study of TEFL, teaching of English as a foreign language.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Akynova, D., Zharkynbekova, S., Agmanova, A., Kakzhanova, S., Kuzar, Z., 2014. Conversational aspect of code-switching: using repair in EFL classrooms. J. Lang. Lit. 5, 210–218. https://doi.org/10.7813/jll.2014/5-3/36
Aladdin, A., 2012. An analysis of the usage of communication strategies in Arabic oral communication . GEMA Online J. Lang. Stud. 12, 645–666.
Altikriti, S., 2016. Persuasive speech acts in Barack Obama’s inaugural speeches (2009, 2013) and the last State of the Union Address (2016). Int. J. Linguist. 8, 47–66.
Asik, A., Cephe, P.T., 2013. Discourse Markers and Spoken English: Nonnative Use in the Turkish EFL Setting. English Lang. Teach. 6, 144–155.
Baiat, G.E., Coler, M., Pullen, M., Tienkouw, S., Hunyadi, L., 2013. Multimodal analysis of “well” as a discourse marker in conversation: A pilot study, in: Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom), 2013 IEEE 4th International Meeting on. IEEE, pp. 283–288.
Baker, C., 2011. Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism. Multilingual matters.
Bentahila, A., Davies, E.E., 1995. Patterns of code-switching and patterns of language contact. Lingua 96, 75–93.
Bonvillian, J.D., Siedlecki Jr, T., 2000. Young children’s acquisition of the formational aspects of American Sign Language: Parental report findings. Sign Lang. Stud. 45–64.
Braun, F., 1988. Terms of address: Problems of patterns and usage in various languages and cultures. Walter de Gruyter.
Brown, H.D., 2000. Principles of language learning and teaching. Longman, New York.
Castro, C., Marcela, C., 2009. The use and functions of discourse markers in EFL classroom interaction. Profile Issues Teach. Dev. 57–78.
Cook, G., 1989. Discourse, A Scheme for Teacher Education. OUP Oxford.
Dörnyei, Z., 1995. On the teachability of communication strategies. TESOL Q. 29, 55–85.
Dörnyei, Z., Scott, M.L., 1997. Communication strategies in a second language: Definitions and taxonomies. Lang. Learn. 47, 173–210.
Eldridge, J., 1996. Code-switching in a Turkish secondary school. ELT J. 50, 303–311.
Errington, J.J., 1998. Shifting languages. Cambridge University Press.
Fox, J.J., 1974. Our ancestors spoke in pairs: Rotinese views of language, dialect and code. Explor. Ethnogr. Speak. 65–85.
Gaudart, H., 1987. A typology of bilingual education in Malaysia. J. Multiling. Multicult. Dev. 8, 529–552.
Halliday, M.A.K., Hasan, R., 2014. Cohesion in english. Routledge.
Handoko, M.F.X., 2007. Multilingualism in transition: intergenerational code choice in two multilingual Totok chinese families in Surabaya.
Ho, W.K., Wong, R.Y.L., 1997. Bilingual Education in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia, in: Bilingual Education. Springer, pp. 177–185.
Holmes, J., 2013. Women, men and politeness. Routledge.
Hua, T.K., Nor, N.F.M., Jaradat, M.N., 2012. Communication strategies among EFL students-An examination of frequency of use and types of strategies used. GEMA Online® J. Lang. Stud. 12.
Hyland, K., 1993. Language-learning simulations: A practical guide, in: English Teaching Forum. pp. 16–20.
Irvine, J.T., 2001. Formality and informality in communicative events. Linguist. Anthropol. A Read. 189–207.
Jones, P., 2017. Communicating Strategy. Taylor & Francis.
Klein, S.M., 1996. A management communication strategy for change. J. Organ. Chang. Manag. 9, 32–46.
Lee, H.L.J., 2016. Code switching in the Teaching of English as a second language to secondary school students. Malaysian J. ELT Res. 6, 45.
Lewis, G., Slade, C.M., 2000. Critical Communication. Pearson Education Australia.
Mahmud, M., 2017. Communicative styles of English students at the State University of Makassar. GEMA Online J. Lang. Stud. 17, 223–238. https://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2017-1701-13
Mahmud, M., 2014. Teachers’ rituals to be polite in the classroom: Contesting power and solidarity. J. Lang. Lit. 5.
Mahmud, M., 2008. Politeness in Bugis. Australian National University.
Malik, L., 1994. Socio-linguistics: A study of code-switching. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.
Malu, K.F., 2018. English Clubs: The conscise guide for leaders and members. Bur. Educ. Cult. Aff. Off. English Lang. Programs.
Malu, K.F., Smedley, B., 2016. Community-Based English Clubs: English Practice and Social Change outside the Classroom., in: English Teaching Forum. ERIC, pp. 10–23.
Maros, M., Tan, K.H., Salehuddin, K., 2007. Interference in learning English: Grammatical errors in English essay writing among rural Malay secondary school students in Malaysia. e-BANGI J. Sains Sos. dan Kemanus. 2, 15.
Maschler, Y., 2009. Metalanguage in interaction: Hebrew discourse markers. John Benjamins Publishing.
McCarthy, M., 1992. Discourse analysis for language teachers. Child Lang. Teach. Ther. 8, 96–100.
Min, L.I., Xiao, Y., 2012. A comparative study on the use of the discourse marker “Well” by Chinese learners of English and native English speakers. Int. J. English Linguist. 2, 65.
Nakatani, Y., 2005. The effects of awareness‐raising training on oral communication strategy use. Mod. Lang. J. 89, 76–91.
Nejadansari, D., Mohammadi, A.M., 2015. The frequencies and functions of discourse markers in the Iranian university EFL classroom discourse. Int. J. Res. Stud. Lang. Learn. 4, 3–20.
Nor, S.N.M., 2012. Discourse markers in turn-initial positions in interruptive speech in a Malaysian radio discourse.
Ozóg, A.C.K., 1993. Bilingualism and national development in Malaysia. J. Multiling. Multicult. Dev. 14, 59–72.
Pavlenko, A., 2004. L2 influence and L1 attrition in adult bilingualism. First Lang. attrition Interdiscip. Perspect. Methodol. issues 47–59.
Poulisse, N., 1993. A theoretical account of lexical communication strategies. Biling. Lex. 157–189.
Redeker, G., 1991. Linguistic markers of discourse structure. Linguistics 29, 1139–1172.
Senowarsito, S., 2013. Politeness strategies in teacher-student interaction in an EFL classroom context. TEFLIN J. 24, 82–96.
Sert, O., 2005. The Functions of Code-Switching in ELT Classrooms. Online Submiss. 11.
Sifianou, M., 1999. Politeness phenomena in England and Greece: A cross-cultural perspective. Oxford Linguistics.
Singhal, A., Rogers, E., 2012. Entertainment-education: A communication strategy for social change. Routledge.
Somsai, S., Intaraprasert, C., 2011. Strategies for coping with face-to-face oral communication problems employed by Thai university students majoring in English. GEMA Online® J. Lang. Stud. 11.
Steyn, B., 2004. From strategy to corporate communication strategy: A conceptualisation. J. Commun. Manag. 8, 168–183.
Swan, M., 2005. Practical English Usage 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.
Tarone, E., 1981. Some thoughts on the notion of communication strategy. TESOL Q. 15, 285–295.
Tarone, E., 1977. Conscious communication strategies in interlanguage: A progress report. on TESOL 77.
Tickoo, M.L., 1996. English in Asian bilingual education: From hatred to harmony. J. Multiling. Multicult. Dev. 17, 225–240.
Wei, L., 2013. The’why’and’how’questions in the analysis of conversational code-switching, in: Auer, P. (Ed.), Code-Switching in Conversation. Routledge, pp. 164–187.
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 93 times | PDF view : 2 timesRefbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Eralingua has been indexed by: