Optimizing Learning organizations in the Digital Era in the Business Sector in Indonesia

The advancement of digital technology has brought significant changes to the business sector, creating new challenges and opportunities for organizationsThis paper aims to provide a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector. The study adopts a qualitative research design that involves a review of the existing literature on Learning organizations and a case study approach that involves interviews with selected businesses in Indonesia. The data collected through the interviews are analyzed using thematic analysis to identify the current Learning organizations practices and the challenges faced by businesses in optimizing their learning practices in the digital era. The findings of the study suggest that many businesses in Indonesia still rely on traditional methods of learning, which are often ineffective in the digital era. The study identifies several challenges that businesses face in optimizing their learning practices, including a lack of resources, technological barriers, and a lack of understanding of the importance of Learning organizations. Based on the analysis, a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era is developed. The proposed framework consists of four key components, namely, leadership commitment, learning culture, learning systems, and learning outcomes. The study concludes that the proposed framework can serve as a reference for businesses in Indonesia to develop effective learning strategies and enhance their competitiveness in the digital era.


INTRODUCTION
Organizations in the digital era are required to be agile and adaptable to changes to remain competitive in the market (Albukhitan, 2020;Araujo et al., 2021;Kraus et al., 2019). The use of digital technology in Learning organizations has become essential in enhancing organizational performance (Araujo et al., 2021;Bunjak et al., 2022). Organizations in the business sector in Indonesia have faced numerous challenges in optimizing their Learning organizations in the digital era (Araujo et al., 2021;Niswaty et al., 2021;Niwash et al., 2022). The paper aims to investigate the optimalization of Learning organizations in the digital era in the business sector in Indonesia. The study will fill the gaps in the literature by examining the challenges faced by organizations in the business sector in Indonesia and proposing strategies to enhance Learning organizations. The paper's significance is to provide recommendations to organizations on how to optimize their learning processes in the digital era.
Despite the significance of Learning organizations, many businesses in Indonesia still struggle to optimize their learning practices. The traditional methods of learning are often outdated and ineffective, failing to keep up with the fast-paced changes in the digital environment. Moreover, there is a lack of understanding and awareness among organizations regarding the importance and benefits of Learning organizations. As a result, many businesses in Indonesia are falling behind their competitors in terms of innovation and performance.
Although there have been studies on Learning organizations in the context of digitalization, limited research has been conducted specifically in the Indonesian business sector. The existing literature on Learning organizations mainly focuses on the Western context, which may not be applicable in the Indonesian context due to cultural and environmental differences. Moreover, the literature lacks a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the digital era, which is essential for businesses to develop effective learning strategies.
This paper is significant as it provides a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era. The framework can be used by businesses to develop effective learning strategies and enhance their competitiveness in the market. Moreover, the paper contributes to the existing literature on Learning organizations by providing insights into the Indonesian context, which has not been extensively studied. Finally, the paper offers practical implications for businesses in Indonesia to improve their learning practices and adapt to the digital environment.
The main aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector. To achieve this aim, the following objectives will be pursued: 1) To identify the current Learning organizations practices in the Indonesian business sector, 2) To analyze the challenges faced by businesses in optimizing their learning practices in the digital era, 3) To develop a framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era.

METHOD
The research design for this study is qualitative, utilizing a case study approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with selected businesses in Indonesia. The interviews were conducted face-to-face or via online communication platforms such as Zoom and Google Meet. The selection of businesses for the study was based on their size, industry, and experience in the digital era.
The data collected through the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The data were transcribed, coded, and categorized into themes, based on similarities and differences in the responses. The themes were then interpreted to develop a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era.
The study population consisted of businesses in Indonesia that operate in various industries and sizes. The selection of businesses was based on the following criteria: (1) the business has a presence in the digital environment, (2) the business has implemented learning programs, and (3) the business has at least 50 employees. The selection of businesses with different characteristics was made to ensure the diversity of perspectives and experiences regarding Learning organizations in the digital era.
The analytical methods used in this study are thematic analysis, which involves identifying patterns and themes in qualitative data, and content analysis, which involves analyzing written and verbal communication (Creswell & Clark, 2017). These methods were appropriate for the study design, as they allow for the identification of patterns and themes in the data, and the development of a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the digital era.

Current Learning organizations practices in the business sector
The study's finding on the prevalence of traditional learning methods in Indonesian businesses may be attributed to several factors. Firstly, there may be a lack of awareness and understanding of the benefits of digital learning methods among businesses. This is because digital learning is a relatively new concept, and some businesses may not be familiar with the latest technological tools available. Secondly, there may be a lack of resources and infrastructure to implement digital learning methods, especially among smaller businesses.
Despite the prevalence of traditional learning methods, the study found that there is a growing awareness of the importance of digital learning methods in the Indonesian business sector. This is a positive sign, as digital learning methods can offer many benefits, such as flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, with the rapid pace of technological change, digital learning methods can help businesses stay up-to-date with the latest developments in their industry.
The study's finding on the variation in the implementation of digital learning methods across businesses may be due to several factors. Firstly, the success of digital learning methods depends on the organization's culture and readiness for change. Businesses that have a culture of continuous learning and embrace new technology may be more successful in implementing digital learning methods. Secondly, the effectiveness of digital learning methods also depends on the selection of appropriate tools and platforms. Businesses that select the most suitable tools and platforms for their needs are more likely to achieve success with digital learning.
To improve the implementation of digital learning methods in the Indonesian business sector, several initiatives can be taken. Firstly, there should be more awareness-raising campaigns and training programs to educate businesses on the benefits of digital learning methods. Secondly, the government and private sector should work together to provide the necessary resources and infrastructure for businesses to implement digital learning methods. This can include providing access to digital learning platforms, internet connectivity, and digital devices.
Moreover, businesses can take steps to enhance their digital learning practices. This includes developing a culture of continuous learning, providing adequate support and resources for digital learning initiatives, and measuring the effectiveness of digital learning programs. By doing so, businesses can improve their competitiveness in the market and stay up-to-date with the latest developments in their industry.

The challenges businesses face in optimizing their learning practices in the digital age
The challenges identified in the study highlight the need for businesses in Indonesia to address several areas to optimize their learning practices. Firstly, the lack of resources can be addressed by investing in digital learning tools and platforms that are cost-effective and scalable. This can help businesses to provide training and development opportunities to their employees without incurring significant costs.
Secondly, the inadequate technological infrastructure can be addressed by improving internet connectivity and access to digital devices. This can enable businesses to implement digital learning methods and access the latest technological tools and platforms.
Thirdly, the lack of understanding of the importance of Learning organizations can be addressed by raising awareness of the benefits of digital learning methods. This can include training programs and workshops that provide information on the latest digital learning tools and how they can benefit businesses.
Moreover, businesses that struggle to keep up with the pace of technological change and the development of new digital learning tools can address this by creating a culture of continuous learning. This can include regular training and development programs that enable employees to learn new skills and stay up-to-date with the latest technological developments.
Another challenge identified in the study is the need to measure the effectiveness of digital learning programs. To address this challenge, businesses can implement metrics and evaluation methods to measure the impact of digital learning programs on employee performance and business outcomes. This can help businesses to identify areas for improvement and make informed decisions on the allocation of resources for future digital learning initiatives.
Furthermore, collaboration between the government and private sector can help to address some of the challenges identified in the study. The government can provide support and resources for businesses to implement digital learning methods, while the private sector can share best practices and knowledge on effective digital learning strategies.

Development of a framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era
Based on the findings, the study proposes a framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era. The framework consists of four key components: leadership commitment, learning culture, learning systems, and learning outcomes. The leadership commitment component emphasizes the importance of top management support for digital learning initiatives. The learning culture component focuses on fostering a culture of continuous learning within the organization. The learning systems component emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate digital learning tools and platforms. Finally, the learning outcomes component emphasizes the importance of measuring the effectiveness of digital learning initiatives. The proposed framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era is based on the study's findings and consists of four key components.
The proposed framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era is based on the study's findings and consists of four key components.
The first component is leadership commitment, which emphasizes the importance of top management support for digital learning initiatives. Leaders should understand the benefits of digital learning and be committed to investing in digital learning tools and platforms. Moreover, leaders should encourage employees to embrace digital learning and promote a culture of continuous learning within the organization.
The second component is learning culture, which focuses on fostering a culture of continuous learning within the organization. Businesses should encourage employees to learn new skills and stay up-to-date with the latest technological developments. This can include providing regular training and development programs, promoting self-directed learning, and creating a supportive environment that encourages learning.
The third component is learning systems, which emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate digital learning tools and platforms. Businesses should select tools and platforms that are appropriate for their needs and provide the necessary support and resources for employees to use them effectively. Moreover, businesses should evaluate the effectiveness of digital learning tools and platforms to ensure that they are meeting the organization's learning goals.
The fourth component is learning outcomes, which emphasizes the importance of measuring the effectiveness of digital learning initiatives. Businesses should develop metrics and evaluation methods to measure the impact of digital learning programs on employee performance and business outcomes. This can help businesses to identify areas for improvement and make informed decisions on the allocation of resources for future digital learning initiatives.
The proposed framework is expected to be useful for businesses in Indonesia that seek to optimize their Learning organizations practices in the digital era. By focusing on leadership commitment, learning culture, learning systems, and learning outcomes, businesses can develop effective digital learning strategies that enhance their competitiveness in the market. Moreover, the proposed framework can also help businesses to address the challenges identified in the study, such as the lack of resources and inadequate technological infrastructure. By investing in digital learning tools and platforms, businesses can provide training and development opportunities to their employees without incurring significant costs.

Discussion
The study's finding on the prevalence of traditional learning methods in Indonesian businesses is consistent with previous studies in developing countries (Admin, 2022;Pawar et al., 2020;Sidabutar, 2020). One possible explanation is the lack of awareness and understanding of digital learning methods among businesses, as noted in the study (Mai et al., 2022). Another explanation could be the lack of resources and technological Jurnal Administrare: Jurnal Pemikiran Ilmiah dan Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran Volume 10, Issue 1, January-June 2023. Pages 73-84 78 infrastructure to implement digital learning methods (Araujo et al., 2021;Petan et al., 2014;Ruel et al., 2021).
The growing awareness of the importance of digital learning methods in the Indonesian business sector is a positive development, and it is in line with global trends (Hartati & Iskandar, 2021). The benefits of digital learning methods, such as flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, are widely recognized by scholars and practitioners (Guillaume et al., 2022;Poss-Doering et al., 2020;Sousa et al., 2019). Digital learning methods can help businesses stay up-to-date with the latest developments in their industry, as well as provide learning opportunities that fit the needs and preferences of employees (Elia et al., 2020;Kraus et al., 2019;Srivastava, 2016).
The variation in the implementation of digital learning methods across businesses is consistent with previous studies in developed and developing countries (Akhrif et al., 2020;DasGupta, 2011;Ebrahimi et al., 2019;Ghezzi, 2019;Hartati & Iskandar, 2021;Tosey & Robinson, 2002). One reason for this variation is the organization's culture and readiness for change (Armstrong, 2006;W. Li et al., 2016;Walton, 1999). Organizations that have a culture of continuous learning and embrace new technology may be more successful in implementing digital learning methods (Ghezzi, 2019). Another reason is the selection of appropriate tools and platforms, as businesses that select the most suitable tools and platforms for their needs are more likely to achieve success with digital learning (Laforet, 2013;Lashitew, 2020;Y. Li et al., 2016).
To improve the implementation of digital learning methods in the Indonesian business sector, the government and private sector can work together to provide the necessary resources and infrastructure (Bryant et al., 2022;Ganawati et al., 2021;Garcez et al., 2022). For instance, the government can provide tax incentives for businesses that invest in digital learning, while the private sector can develop and share best practices and knowledge on effective digital learning strategies (Hwang, 2014).
Moreover, businesses can take several steps to enhance their digital learning practices. Developing a culture of continuous learning is essential, and businesses can achieve this by providing regular training and development programs, promoting self-directed learning, and creating a supportive environment that encourages learning (Yasmin et al., 2019). Providing adequate support and resources for digital learning initiatives is also important, as it can help employees to use digital learning tools and platforms effectively (Buchanan et al., 2019). Measuring the effectiveness of digital learning programs is crucial, and businesses can achieve this by developing metrics and evaluation methods that align with their learning goals (Scuotto & Morellato, 2013).
The proposed framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era is aligned with previous studies on digital learning in different contexts (Muthappan et al., 2022). The leadership commitment component emphasizes the importance of top management support for digital learning initiatives, which is consistent with previous studies on the role of leadership in digital transformation (Araujo et al., 2021;Sow & Aborbie, 2018;Ziadlou, 2021). The learning culture component focuses on fostering a culture of continuous learning within the organization, which is consistent with previous studies on the importance of organizational culture in digital learning (Dörner & Rundel, 2021).
The learning systems component emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate digital learning tools and platforms, which is consistent with previous studies on the selection and evaluation of digital learning tools (Ghezzi, 2019). Moreover, the study recommends that businesses should also adopt a learner-centered approach to their digital learning initiatives. This means that the focus of the digital learning program should be on the learner's needs and preferences, rather than the content or delivery method. By considering the individual learning needs of their employees, businesses can create personalized learning experiences that are more engaging and effective.
In addition, the study suggests that businesses should prioritize the development of digital skills among their employees. With the increasing use of digital technology in the workplace, employees need to have the necessary skills to work with and utilize digital tools effectively. By providing training and development opportunities that focus on digital skills, businesses can equip their employees with the skills needed to succeed in the digital age.
The study also recommends that businesses should collaborate with external partners, such as universities, research institutions, and other businesses, to enhance their digital learning practices. By working together, businesses can share knowledge and expertise, access new resources and technologies, and develop innovative digital learning solutions.
Overall, the study's findings highlight the importance of digital learning in the Indonesian business sector and the need for businesses to adapt to the changing technological landscape. By implementing the proposed framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the digital era, businesses can develop effective digital learning strategies that enhance their competitiveness and prepare them for future challenges.
In conclusion, the study on current Learning organizations practices in the Indonesian business sector highlights the prevalence of traditional learning methods and the growing awareness of the importance of digital learning methods. However, businesses face several challenges in optimizing their learning practices in the digital age, such as a lack of resources, inadequate technological infrastructure, and a lack of understanding of the importance of Learning organizations. To address these challenges, the study proposes a framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the digital era, which includes leadership commitment, learning culture, learning systems, and learning outcomes. By adopting this framework and prioritizing digital skills development, businesses can enhance their digital learning practices and prepare for future challenges.
While the proposed framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era has potential benefits, there are also some limitations to consider. Firstly, the framework may not be applicable to all types of businesses in Indonesia. Smaller businesses, for example, may not have the same resources and capabilities as larger organizations to implement digital learning methods. Secondly, the framework may not be effective if there is resistance to change within the organization. Employees may be resistant to digital learning methods if they perceive them to be too difficult to use or if they prefer traditional learning methods. Thirdly, the framework may not be effective if there is inadequate technological infrastructure, such as poor internet connectivity or insufficient access to digital devices. Without these basic resources, businesses may struggle to implement digital learning methods effectively. Lastly, the effectiveness of the framework may also depend on the availability of skilled trainers and facilitators who can design and deliver effective digital learning programs.
Furthermore, the study has several limitations that must be taken into account. Firstly, the study focused only on the Indonesian business sector, and the findings may not be generalizable to other countries or industries. Secondly, the study relied on self-reported data from businesses, which may be subject to bias or inaccuracies. Thirdly, the study did not evaluate the effectiveness of specific digital learning methods or tools, and further research may be needed to identify the most effective digital learning methods for businesses in Indonesia. Finally, the study did not explore the attitudes and perceptions of employees towards digital learning methods, which may be an important factor in the successful implementation of digital learning initiatives in the workplace.
Despite these limitations, the study provides valuable insights into the current state of Learning organizations practices in the Indonesian business sector and proposes a framework for optimizing digital learning initiatives. Future research can build upon these findings to explore the effectiveness of the proposed framework and identify additional strategies for enhancing Learning organizations in the digital age.

CONCLUSION
The study highlights the challenges faced by businesses in Indonesia in optimizing their Learning organizations practices in the digital era. Many businesses still rely on traditional methods of learning, and there is a lack of awareness and understanding of the benefits of digital learning methods. However, there is a growing awareness of the importance of digital learning methods in the Indonesian business sector. To address the challenges, a comprehensive framework for optimizing Learning organizations in the Indonesian business sector in the digital era is proposed. The framework consists of four key components, namely, leadership commitment, learning culture, learning systems, and learning outcomes. The proposed framework can help businesses to develop effective digital learning strategies and enhance their competitiveness in the market. The study suggests that collaboration between the government and private sector can play a significant role in addressing the challenges identified in the study. Overall, the study provides insights into the current Learning organizations practices in the Indonesian business sector and offers a practical framework to optimize learning practices in the digital era.