Penerapan Social story dengan Teknik Prompting dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Sosial Anak Autis

Nirwana Permatasari(1*),

(1) Prodi Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Hasanuddin
(*) Corresponding Author



Abstract


Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan social story dengan teknik prompting dalam meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak autis. Social story digunakan untuk mengajarkan perilaku-perilaku yang defisit pada anak dengan gangguan autis, agar kemampuan mereka dalam berinteraksi secara tepat dan sesuai dengan aturan sosial dapat ditingkatkan. Subyek penelitian adalah satu orang autis laki-laki, berusia enam tahun, mengalami defisit dalam keterampilan sosial yang melibatkan perilaku menyapa teman, bertanya di dalam kelas dan membantu ibu guru. Desain penelitian adalah single-subject experimental design, dengan membuat perbandingan hasil observasi perilaku-perilaku yang sama dalam tiga kondisi: kondisi baseline, kondisi intervensi (eksperimen), dan kondisi setelah intervensi. Intervensi dilaksanakan selama lima minggu dengan tujuhbelas sesi pertemuan. Evaluasi pretest dan posttest juga dilakukan melalui alat ukur Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales (PKBS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan keterampilan sosial pada anak autis setelah diberikan intervensi social story dengan teknik prompting. Hanya saja, target perilaku belum muncul secara konsisten pada saat anak berinteraksi dalam setting sekolah. Studi ini menambah perbendaharaan metode untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial pada anak autis, khususnya perilaku menyapa teman, bertanya di kelas, dan membantu ibu guru.

 

Kata Kunci: Social story; Teknik Prompting; Keterampilan Sosial; Anak Autis


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References


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