Menumbuhkan Motivasi Belajar Dari Aspek Value, Expectancy dan Self Regulated Learning

Lilik Tahmidatien(1), Wawan Krismanto(2*),

(1) Departemen Sosiologi, PPPPTK PKN & IPS Kementerian Pendidikan & Kebudayaan
(2) Makassar State University
(*) Corresponding Author




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26858/publikan.v9i1.8509

Abstract


Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas tentang: 1) bagaimanakah aspek Value, Expectancy dan Self Regulation pada konsep motivasi?, 2) bagaimana strategi menumbuhkan Value dan Expectancy positif serta kemampuan Self Regulated Learning pada siswa?. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dari berbagai buku dan jurnal ilmiah. Membahas tentang motivasi, maka ada dua konsep yang penting yaitu value dan ekspektasi, yang kemudian oleh Eccles dan Wigfild diistilahkan dengan Expectancy-Value Model. Value yaitu nilai subyektif terhadap tujuan yang ingin dicapai, dengan kata lain value mengacu pada sejauh mana seseorang peduli atau menghargai tugas yang ada. Dengan demikian seberapa keras siswa belajar akan dipengaruhi oleh value yang mereka miliki atas tujuan yang telah mereka tetapkan. Agar termotivasi dalam mengejar tujuan belajar, siswa juga harus memegang harapan terhadap hasil belajar yang positif (Expectancy), yaitu harapan untuk keberhasilan mencapai tujuan. Ekspektasi atau harapan dapat memberikan pengaruh yang kuat pada motivasi siswa. Seberapa keras siswa belajar sangat bergantung pada seberapa besar harapan yang ingin mereka capai. Harapan terhadap hasil juga mencerminkan keyakinan bahwa tindakan spesifik yang dilakukannya akan membawa hasil yang diinginkan. Harapan positif akan terhubung/terkait dengan perilaku siswa dan berujung pada hasil positif yang diinginkan. Lingkungan belajar yang dekat dengan penggunaan teknologi (digital) juga menuntut keterlibatan diri karena minimnya bimbingan dan dukungan terstruktur dan intensif sepanjang proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Untuk mendorong pembelajaran yang efektif pada lingkungan seperti itu, siswa harus dilatih dalam menguasai strategi self regulation. Secara umum, self regulation dapat menjelaskan proses pembelajaran siswa dan keberhasilan mereka di kelas. Ketika siswa termotivasi untuk belajar, mereka cenderung lebih menginvestasikan waktu dan energi yang diperlukan untuk belajar dan menerapkan keterampilan self regulation yang sesuai. Maka menjadi tantangan bagi para pendidik saat ini untuk menumbuhkan value dan Expectancy yang positif pada siswa serta meningkatkan kemampuan self regulated learning mereka agar termotivasi mencapai tujuan belajar yang dingginkan.

Keywords


Expectancy-Value Model; self regulated learning; menumbuhkan motivasi

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